Traditionally, the art of negotiation is referred to as the official practice of most nations for sending representatives who live in other countries. These negotiating representatives are known as diplomats and help to maintain the daily relationships between their countries and the countries in which they serve. They work for political or economic gains for their country and for improving international engagement.
History
Nations have not always used the art of negotiation to solve international problems. The ancient Romans used diplomatic representatives for special purposes only. However, with the increasing complexity of relations between countries, many countries have found that they need permanent representatives in other countries. Embassies appeared for the first time in Italy during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries AD, where they were used at that time as places of spies, and agents of espionage, in addition to diplomats. Many historians believe that the French Cardinal Richelieu began the system of resident actors during the seventeenth century.
Some scholars believe that diplomatic representatives are unnecessary these days because of the ease of exchange at the highest levels and the availability of the latest means of communication. But advanced personal diplomatic contacts have many advantages, as diplomats are very interested in making friends with government employees and citizens. And when they make a formal proposal, they can count on these friendships to help them. Diplomats can test the extent of their reactions to the ideas their governments are considering by talking to these friends.
Meanings of diplomacy
Diplomacy has several meanings:
1- Diplomacy in Latin: means the official certificate or document that includes the status of the envoy and the mission in which it is delegated, and the recommendations issued in this regard by the ruler are intended to be presented and well received or moving between different regions. These certificates or documents were papers held by pieces of iron (called a diploma).
2- As for the second meaning: which the Romans used for the word diplomatic, which was about the nature of the envoy or ambassador and I meant in Latin (meaning the hypocritical man with two faces).
Diplomatic duties
Outside their country, diplomatic commissioners collect information on everything of value from the point of view of their country. They send official reports, often in the form of symbols. Also, the diplomatic commissioners defend the rights of their citizens who are outside the country.
These diplomats take their headquarters in the embassy or in the commission, and the only difference between the embassy and the commission is the degree of the diplomat in charge, the ambassador heads the embassy, and the delegated minister heads the commission.
Diplomatic immunity
Diplomats enjoy many important privileges and immunities while serving outside their country. These privileges are due to being the direct representatives of sovereign powers, and these diplomats can have complete independence to act in the performance of their duties. These privileges are based on the principle that they are outside the scope of national legislation. This principle, which is used in international law, includes ensuring that people who live in foreign countries remain within the powers of their indigenous governments.
There are several diplomatic advantages and immunities, including:
- They cannot be arrested for any reason. Their family members enjoy this exception.
- Their housing, papers and baggage may not be searched or detained.
- Taxes on their personal property may not be imposed by the countries in which they serve.
- Diplomats, their families and their staff enjoy full freedom of worship.
- Diplomats differ from their employees in degrees of immunity.
Sources
- wikipedia.org
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